“Top-Down” versus “Bottom-Up” disconnect

Photo: Si Gam/Wikimedia Commons A core issue is the “Top-Down” versus “Bottom-Up” disconnect: climate programs are frequently planned by central authorities, resulting in solutions that don’t match the village’s specific adaptation needs. For example, local communities might receive irrelevant training instead of the crucial physical infrastructure they actually need, such as drought-resistant irrigation systems.

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Brief of Tea Plantation PTPN VIII Mount Salak

Source of Picture https://www.nowjakarta.co.id/indonesias-tea-plantations-steeped-in-beauty/ Tea plantation project at the foot of Mount Salak, which is currently under development and has export market potential to Malaysia, America, and Europe. This project is almost certainly under the management of PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII (PTPN VIII), which has now been regionalized into PTPN I Regional 2 (Sub-Holding Supporting…

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Australia-Indonesia Institute Grants 2025 2026

The Australia-Indonesia Institute 2025-26 Grant Round is now open. Applications are due by 12:00pm (AEDT) on Friday 14 November 2025. Find out more and apply at GrantConnect. Australia-Indonesia Institute Grant Round 2025-26 Key Themes Grant applications for a minimum of $20,000 to a maximum of $75,000 will be considered. Detailed guidance is available in the Grant…

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